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Small cell lung cancer accounts for what percentage of all cases of superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS)?
100%
50%
20%
65%
The correct answer is: 65%
Small cell lung cancer is notably associated with the development of superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) due to its tendency for aggressive growth and tendency to metastasize to regions that can obstruct major blood vessels, including the superior vena cava. Research indicates that small cell lung cancer is responsible for approximately 65% of all cases of SVCS. This high incidence can be attributed to the fact that small cell lung cancer often presents at an advanced stage, and its histopathological features lead to a higher likelihood of involvement with the mediastinum, which is where the superior vena cava is located. In contrast, while other malignancies, such as non-small cell lung cancer and various hematological cancers, may also lead to SVCS, they do not occur as frequently as small cell lung cancer. Therefore, the figure of 65% accurately reflects the prevalence of SVCS due to small cell lung cancer, making this the correct choice. Understanding the clinical relevance of this statistic is crucial for managing patients with lung cancer and those presenting with symptoms indicative of SVCS.